Linux下Nginx+Tomcat整合与配置

安装JDK

下载的jdk文件为:jdk-6u45-linux-x64.bin,执行如下命令进行安装:

#./jdk-6u12-linux-i586.bin

安装tomcat

#tar zxvf apache-tomcat-6.0.18.tar.gz
#mv apache-tomcat-6.0.29 tomcat

这里我将解压后的apache-tomcat-6.0.29重命名为了tomcat方便操作。

配置环境变量

编辑/etc下的profile文件,加上如下内容:

JAVA_HOME="/opt/app/jdk1.6.0_45"
CLASS_PATH="$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib"
CATALINA_HOME="/opt/app/tomcat"
export JAVA_HOME CATALINA_HOME

执行下面命令使变更生效:

# source /etc/profile

启动tomcat并输入http://domain:8080,如果看到猫的页面即tomcat和jdk安装成功

新建文件目录/home/www为网站存放目录,设置server.xml文件,在Host name=”localhost”处将appBase=的指向路径改为/home/www/web

创建index.jsp至/home/www/web/ROOT,内容为:“hello!” 重新启动tomcat,重新访问,如果看到index.jsp文件内容hello!表示设置成功。

安装Nginx

执行如下命令解压nginx:

# tar zxvf nginx-1.4.4.tar.gz
# mv nginx-1.4.4 nginx

同样重命名了一下。

安装nginx:

# ./configure --prefix=/opt/app/nginx

结果出现了错误:error: C compiler cc is not found,按网上所说安装编译源码所需的工具和库:

#yum install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel perl

再次安装,发现还有错误:the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.

执行

# yum -y install pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel

终于成功,

# ./configure --prefix=/opt/app/nginx
# make
# make install

nginx安装成功后的安装目录为/opt/app/nginx

在conf文件夹中新建proxy.conf,用于配置一些代理参数,内容如下:

#!nginx (-) 
# proxy.conf 
proxy_redirect          off;
proxy_set_header        Host $host;
proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP $remote_addr;  #获取真实ip
#proxy_set_header       X-Forwarded-For   $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; #获取代理者的真实ip
client_max_body_size    10m;
client_body_buffer_size 128k;
proxy_connect_timeout   90;
proxy_send_timeout      90;
proxy_read_timeout      90;
proxy_buffer_size       4k;
proxy_buffers           4 32k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;

编辑安装目录下conf文件夹中的nginx.conf,输入如下内容

#运行nginx所在的用户名和用户组
#user  www www; 
#启动进程数
worker_processes 8;
#全局错误日志及PID文件
error_log  /opt/app/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log  crit;
pid        /opt/app/nginx/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
#工作模式及连接数上限
events
{
  use epoll;
  worker_connections 65535;
}
#设定http服务器,利用它的反向代理功能提供负载均衡支持
http
{
  #设定mime类型
  include       mime.types;
  default_type  application/octet-stream;
  include /opt/app/nginx/conf/proxy.conf;
  #charset  gb2312;
  #设定请求缓冲    
  server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
  client_header_buffer_size 32k;
  large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
#  client_max_body_size 8m;
  sendfile on;
  tcp_nopush     on;
  keepalive_timeout 60;
  tcp_nodelay on;
#  fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
#  fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
#  fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
#  fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
#  fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
#  fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
#  fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
#  gzip on;
#  gzip_min_length  1k;
#  gzip_buffers     4 16k;
#  gzip_http_version 1.0;
#  gzip_comp_level 2;
#  gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
#  gzip_vary on;
#limit_zone  crawler  $binary_remote_addr  10m;
###禁止通过ip访问站点
 # server{
#        server_name _;
 #       return 404;
 #       }
  server
  {
    listen       80;
    server_name  localhost;
    index index.html index.jsp;
    root  /opt/www/static;
    #limit_conn   crawler  20;    
    location ~ .*.(jsp|shtml)$ #所有shtml的页面均交由tomcat处理
    {
      index index.jsp;
      proxy_pass http://localhost:8080;#转向tomcat处理
      }
    location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ #设定访问静态文件直接读取不经过tomcat
    {
      expires      30d;
    }
    location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
    {
      expires      1h;
    }    
   }  
#定义访问日志的写入格式
     log_format  access  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
              '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
              '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
    access_log  /opt/app/nginx/logs/localhost.log access;#设定访问日志的存放路径   
}

修改/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件后,请执行以下命令检查配置文件是否正确:

#/opt/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

如果出现下面两行,说明正确:

the configuration file /opt/app/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
the configuration file /opt/app/nginx/conf/nginx.conf was tested successfully

如果提示unknown host,则可在服务器上执行:ping www.baidu.com如果也是同样提示unknown host则有两种可能:

a、服务器没有设置DNS服务器地址,查看/etc/resolv.conf下是否设置,若无则加上

b、防火墙拦截

启动nginx的命令

#/opt/app/nginx/sbin/nginx

这时,输入以下命令查看Nginx主进程号:

ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process" | grep -v "grep" | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}'

停止nginx的命令

#/opt/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop

在不停止Nginx服务的情况下平滑变更Nginx配置

输入以下命令查看Nginx主进程号:

ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process" | grep -v "grep" | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}'

屏幕显示的即为Nginx主进程号,例如:

6302

这时,执行以下命令即可使修改过的Nginx配置文件生效:

kill -HUP 6302

或者无需这么麻烦,找到Nginx的Pid文件:

kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid`
标签:TomcatNginxLinux 发布于:2019-10-30 07:04:41